Disulfide relays between and within proteins: the Ero1p structure.

The essential flavoenzyme Ero1p both creates de novo disulfide bonds and transfers these disulfides to the folding catalyst protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). The recently solved crystal structure of Ero1p, in combination with previous biochemical, genetic and structural data, provides insight into the mechanism by which Ero1p accomplishes these tasks. A comparison of Ero1p with the smaller flavoenzyme Erv2p highlights important structural elements that are shared by these flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-binding sulfhydryl oxidases and suggests some general themes that might be common to proteins that generate disulfide bonds.